Big Pipe Creek, Hashawha
2/12/09
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- Lonicera japonica, Japanese Honeysuckle
- Lonicera maackii, Amur Honeysuckle
- Rubus pensilvanicus, Wild Blackberry
- Rosa multiflora, Rambler Rose
- Liriodendron tulipifera, Tulip Poplar
- Juniperus virginiana, Red Cedar
- Polystichum acrostichoides, Christmas Fern
- Prunus serotina, Wild Black Cherry
- Toxicodendron radicans, Poison Ivy
- Smilax glauca, Greenbriar
- Carya ovata, Shagbark Hickory
- Goodyera pubescens, Rattlesnake Plantain (Orchid)
- Lycopodium digitatum, Fan Club Moss
- Kalmia latifolia, Mountain Laurel
- Pinus virginiana, Virginia Yellow Pine
- Dipsacus sylvestris, Wild Teasel
- Rhus typhina, Staghorn Sumac
- Salix nigra, Black Willow
- Solanum carolinense, Carolina horsenettle
- Asclepias syriaca, Milkweed
- Hamamelis virginiana, Witch Hazel
- Quercus falcate, Southern Red Oak
- Dioscorea quaternata, Yam
- Berberis thunbergii, Japanese Barberry
- Rubus phoenicolasius, Japanese Wineberry
- Carex plantagenia, Seersucker Sedge
- Carpinus carolinia, American Hornbeam
- Juglans nigra, Black Walnut
- Quercus alba, White Oak
Japanese Honeysuckle
Caprifoliaceae> Lonicera japonica
- Opposite leaves, simple, ovate
- Fascicle petals
Amur Honeysuckle
Caprifoliaceae > Lonicera maackii
- Invasive species
- Opposite branches and oval leaves
- Non-woody bristle twigs, flaking bark
- Similar to Japanese honeysuckle, but a shrub/ small tree instead of vine and with shorter flowers
Wild Blackberry
Rosaceae > Rubus pensilvanicus
- Dark red cane-like twigs that are ribbed
- Compound leaves
- Fruit Type: black drupes
Rambler Rose/Multiflora Rose
Rosaceae > Rosa multiflora
- Compound leaves
- Seen before on earlier trips
Tulip Poplar
Magnoliaceae > Liriodendron tulipifera
- Flower bud is covered by two-piece sheath
- Smooth bark, vertical stripes
- Alternate branches
Red Cedar
Cupressaceae > Juniperus virginiana
- Scaly needles, opposite decussate or whorled
- Very distinct shape of tree
- Wood used for fence posts, very rot resistant
Christmas Fern
Dryopteridaceae > Polystichum acrostichoides
- No flowers or seeds, does contain spores
- Compound leaves, each leaflet looks like a stocking/sock
Wild Black Cherry
Rosaceae > Prunus serotina
- Smooth bark when young (resembles Birch), gets more flakey when aged
- Rich, dark redwood used for furniture and cabinetry
- Fruit type: red-black drupe
Poison Ivy
Anarcdiaceae > Toxicodendron radicans
- “Poison tree”
- Climbs by the roots
- In the cashew family: cashews, pistachio, mangos, sumac
Greenbrier
Smilacaceae > Smilax glauca
- Blue-white waxy sheen on underside of leaf
- Monocot with net veins
Shagbark Hickory
Juglandaceae > Carya ovata
- Easy to identify by shaggy bark (mature trees)
- Pinnate compound leaves, 5 leaflets
- Wood used for tool handles (hammer, hoe, shovel)
- Fruit type: Nut (edible)
American Hornbeam
Betulaceae > Carpinus caroliniana
Alias: Musclewood/ Ironwood/ Blue-beech
- Bark is dull grey (mature trees)
- Alternate arrangement, serrated leaves
- Fruit type: nut
Rattlesnake Plantain / Orchid
Ochidaceae > Goodyera pubescens
- Odd monocot with white netted veins
- All orchids are federally protected, whether or not endangered
- More commonly seen in developed, mature forests
Fan Club Moss
Lycopodiales > Lycopodiaceae > Lycopodium digitatum
- Flowerless, vascular, spore-bearing tissue
- Creeping stems, needle scale-like leaves
- Most basal land-plant
Mountain Laurel / Spoonwood
Ericaceae > Kalmia latifolia
- Main vein is raised on top
- Fibrous, matted roots
- Ornamental plant form Europe
Virginia Pine
Pinaceae > Pinus virginiana
- Subgenus: Yellow Pines
- Egg-shaped armed cones, with spikes
- Twisted needles paired in two (fascicles)
Teasel / Wild Teasel
Valerianaceae > Dipsacus sylvestris
“Thirst of the Woods”
Flowering plant
Opposite leaves join together to form cup shape
invasive from Europe
Staghorn Sumac
Anacardiaceae > Rhus typhina
- Alternate, pinnately compound leaves
- Fruit type: small red drupes in clusters
- Drupes are steeped, strained and sweetened to make pink-lemonade flavored tea
Black Willow
Salicaceae > Salix nigra
- Is almost always located near water source
- Multi-trunked at base
- Alternate leaves
- Long skinny thin twigs with a bud on end
Carolina Horse-nettle
Solanaceae > Solanum carolinense
- Nightshade family
- All parts of the plant are poisonous! (when digested)
- Spines on stem,
- Fruit type: yellow tomato-like berries
Goldenrod
Asteraceae > Solidago sp.
- Composite flowers, alternate leaves
- 20-30,000 species
- Parasitized in root by insects, forms ball of tissue (“Gall”) for larvae to feed
- Pollen is blamed for hayfever
Milkweed
Apocynaceae > Asclepias purpurascens / Asclepias syriaca
- Unknown as to which species so far
- Opposite leaves
- Fruit type: Follicle (dry, dehiscent fruit splits along one seam)
Witch Hazel
Hamamelidaceae > Hamamelis virginiana
- 4-chambered capsule
- Alternate arrangement, scalloped leaves
- Riparian = on riverbank/creek edges
- Extract of plant is used in facial astringents
Southern Red Oak
Fagaceae > Quercus falcate
- Red Oak group = bristle tips
- Bark is brown/gray with shallow ridges (striped inside)
- Curved, bristle-tipped lobed leaves
- Base of leaf is rounded
- Fruit type: acorn
Yam
Dioscoreales > Dioscoreaceae > Dioscorea quaternata
- Monocot leaves, whorled or alternate, twining vines
- Not edible (toxic when fresh)
- Edible yams imported from Africa, Asia, Oceanic countries
Japanese Barberry
Berberidaceae > Berberis thunbergii
- Brown spiny branches
- Birds eat the bright red berries
Japanese Wineberry
Rosaceae> Rubus phoenicolasius
- Non-native, has fine red hairs on stem
- Perennial plant bearing biennial stems
- Large pinnate leaves with 3-5 leaflets
- Fruit type: aggregate / drupe (raspberry-like)
Grape Vine
Vitales > Vitaceae > Vitus sp.
- Vines, opposite arrangement of leaf/tendril
- Fruit type: dark purple berry (grape)
- Grown commercially for turning grapes into wine
Seersucker Sedge
Cyperaceae > Carex plantagenia
- Shiny leaves are puckered together like Christmas ribbon
- Flowering plant, thin and black-tipped narrow leaves
Mint Family
Lamiales > Lamiaceae
- Flowers have 5 petals and 5 sepals
- Fused petals: 3 on top, 2 on bottom
- Opposite decussate arrangement
- Aromatic / fragrant plant
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
Juglandaceae
Young tree Chambered Pith
2 Unknown Mosses (Possible IDs: Cushion Moss, Rock Cap Moss, Hair Cap Moss )
Unknown Violet type: Violaceae
Unknown Mushroom:
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