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Field-Trip-4

Page history last edited by Annastasia 14 years, 11 months ago

Big Pipe Creek, Hashawha

2/12/09

Back to Field-Trips 


  1. Lonicera japonica, Japanese Honeysuckle
  2. Lonicera maackii, Amur Honeysuckle
  3. Rubus pensilvanicus, Wild Blackberry
  4. Rosa multiflora, Rambler Rose
  5. Liriodendron tulipifera, Tulip Poplar
  6. Juniperus virginiana, Red Cedar
  7. Polystichum acrostichoides, Christmas Fern
  8. Prunus serotina, Wild Black Cherry
  9. Toxicodendron radicans, Poison Ivy
  10. Smilax glauca, Greenbriar
  11. Carya ovata, Shagbark Hickory
  12. Goodyera pubescens, Rattlesnake Plantain (Orchid)
  13. Lycopodium digitatum, Fan Club Moss
  14. Kalmia latifolia, Mountain Laurel
  15. Pinus virginiana, Virginia Yellow Pine
  16. Dipsacus sylvestris, Wild Teasel
  17. Rhus typhina, Staghorn Sumac
  18. Salix nigra, Black Willow
  19. Solanum carolinense, Carolina horsenettle
  20. Asclepias syriaca, Milkweed
  21. Hamamelis virginiana, Witch Hazel
  22. Quercus falcate, Southern Red Oak
  23. Dioscorea quaternata, Yam
  24. Berberis thunbergii, Japanese Barberry
  25. Rubus phoenicolasius, Japanese Wineberry
  26. Carex plantagenia, Seersucker Sedge
  27. Carpinus carolinia, American Hornbeam
  28. Juglans nigra, Black Walnut
  29. Quercus alba, White Oak

 

Japanese Honeysuckle 

Caprifoliaceae> Lonicera japonica

  •    Opposite leaves, simple, ovate
  •    Fascicle petals 

  


Amur Honeysuckle 

Caprifoliaceae > Lonicera maackii

  •      Invasive species
  •      Opposite branches and oval leaves
  •      Non-woody bristle twigs, flaking bark
  •      Similar to Japanese honeysuckle, but a shrub/ small tree instead of vine and with shorter flowers

 

 


Wild Blackberry

Rosaceae > Rubus pensilvanicus

  •      Dark red cane-like twigs that are ribbed
  •      Compound leaves
  •      Fruit Type: black drupes

 


Rambler Rose/Multiflora Rose

Rosaceae > Rosa multiflora

  •      Compound leaves
  •      Seen before on earlier trips

 


   Tulip Poplar

Magnoliaceae > Liriodendron tulipifera

  •     Flower bud is covered by two-piece sheath                                                                                                                                               
  •     Smooth bark, vertical stripes
  •      Alternate branches

        


Red Cedar

Cupressaceae > Juniperus virginiana

  •      Scaly needles, opposite decussate or whorled
  •      Very distinct shape of tree
  •      Wood used for fence posts, very rot resistant

   


Christmas Fern 

Dryopteridaceae > Polystichum acrostichoides

  •      No flowers or seeds, does contain spores
  •      Compound leaves, each leaflet looks like a stocking/sock

 

          


Wild Black Cherry

Rosaceae > Prunus serotina

-     Smooth bark when young (resembles Birch), gets more flakey when aged

-     Rich, dark redwood used for furniture and cabinetry

-     Fruit type: red-black drupe

­

  


Poison Ivy 

Anarcdiaceae > Toxicodendron radicans

-     “Poison tree”

-     Climbs by the roots

-     In the cashew family: cashews, pistachio, mangos, sumac

  


Greenbrier 

Smilacaceae > Smilax glauca

-     Blue-white waxy sheen on underside of leaf

-     Monocot with net veins

   


Shagbark Hickory 

Juglandaceae > Carya ovata

 

  •      Easy to identify by shaggy bark (mature trees)
  •      Pinnate compound leaves, 5 leaflets
  •      Wood used for tool handles (hammer, hoe, shovel)
  •      Fruit type: Nut (edible)

 

       


American Hornbeam 

Betulaceae > Carpinus caroliniana

Alias: Musclewood/ Ironwood/ Blue-beech 

  •      Bark is dull grey (mature trees)
  •      Alternate arrangement, serrated leaves
  •      Fruit type: nut

 

 

   


Rattlesnake Plantain / Orchid 

Ochidaceae > Goodyera pubescens

  •      Odd monocot with white netted veins
  •      All orchids are federally protected, whether or not endangered
  •      More commonly seen in developed, mature forests

   


Fan Club Moss 

Lycopodiales > Lycopodiaceae > Lycopodium digitatum

  •      Flowerless, vascular, spore-bearing tissue
  •      Creeping stems, needle scale-like leaves
  •      Most basal land-plant

            


Mountain Laurel / Spoonwood 

Ericaceae > Kalmia latifolia

  •      Main vein is raised on top
  •      Fibrous, matted roots
  •      Ornamental plant form Europe

   


Virginia Pine

Pinaceae > Pinus virginiana

-     Subgenus: Yellow Pines

-     Egg-shaped armed cones, with spikes

-     Twisted needles paired in two (fascicles)

        


Teasel / Wild Teasel 

Valerianaceae > Dipsacus sylvestris

     “Thirst of the Woods”

     Flowering plant

     Opposite leaves join together to form cup shape

     invasive from Europe

 

 

          


Staghorn Sumac

Anacardiaceae > Rhus typhina

  •      Alternate, pinnately compound leaves
  •      Fruit type: small red drupes in clusters
  •      Drupes are steeped, strained and sweetened to make pink-lemonade flavored tea

 

         

     


Black Willow 

Salicaceae > Salix nigra

-     Is almost always located near water source

-     Multi-trunked at base

-     Alternate leaves

-     Long skinny thin twigs with a bud on end

       


Carolina Horse-nettle 

Solanaceae > Solanum carolinense

-     Nightshade family

-     All parts of the plant are poisonous! (when digested)

-     Spines on stem,

-     Fruit type: yellow tomato-like berries

   


Goldenrod 

Asteraceae > Solidago sp.

-     Composite flowers, alternate leaves

-     20-30,000 species

-     Parasitized in root by insects, forms ball of tissue (“Gall”) for larvae to feed

-     Pollen is blamed for hayfever

      


Milkweed 

Apocynaceae > Asclepias purpurascens / Asclepias syriaca

-     Unknown as to which species so far

-     Opposite leaves

-     Fruit type: Follicle (dry, dehiscent fruit splits along one seam)

        


Witch Hazel 

Hamamelidaceae > Hamamelis virginiana

-     4-chambered capsule

-     Alternate arrangement, scalloped leaves

-     Riparian = on riverbank/creek edges

-     Extract of plant is used in facial astringents

            


Southern Red Oak

Fagaceae > Quercus falcate

-     Red Oak group = bristle tips

-     Bark is brown/gray with shallow ridges (striped inside)

-     Curved, bristle-tipped lobed leaves

-     Base of leaf is rounded

-     Fruit type: acorn

        


Yam 

Dioscoreales > Dioscoreaceae > Dioscorea quaternata

-     Monocot leaves, whorled or alternate, twining vines

-     Not edible (toxic when fresh)

-     Edible yams imported from Africa, Asia, Oceanic countries

   


Japanese Barberry 

Berberidaceae > Berberis thunbergii

-     Brown spiny branches

-     Birds eat the bright red berries

 

  http://www.emmitsburg.net/gardens/articles/frederick/2004/yard_winter.htm

   


Japanese Wineberry

Rosaceae> Rubus phoenicolasius

-     Non-native, has fine red hairs on stem

-     Perennial plant bearing biennial stems

-     Large pinnate leaves with 3-5 leaflets

-     Fruit type: aggregate / drupe (raspberry-like)

   


Grape Vine 

Vitales > Vitaceae > Vitus sp.

-     Vines, opposite arrangement of leaf/tendril

-     Fruit type: dark purple berry (grape)

-     Grown commercially for turning grapes into wine

  


Seersucker Sedge  

Cyperaceae > Carex plantagenia

-     Shiny leaves are puckered together like Christmas ribbon

-     Flowering plant, thin and black-tipped narrow leaves

  


Mint Family

Lamiales > Lamiaceae

-     Flowers have 5 petals and 5 sepals

-     Fused petals: 3 on top, 2 on bottom

-     Opposite decussate arrangement

-     Aromatic / fragrant plant 


 

Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)

Juglandaceae

          

               Young tree                         Chambered Pith


 

2 Unknown Mosses (Possible IDs: Cushion Moss, Rock Cap Moss, Hair Cap Moss )

     


 

Unknown Violet type: Violaceae

      


 

Unknown Mushroom:

 

 

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